(My lightning talk at SCEC annual meeting 2018)

Reconstructed paleo-elevation in southwestern North America at the Late Eocene.

Time-slice animation of western U.S. upper mantle temperature variation from 36 Ma.

Time-slice animation of western U.S. paleo-elevation evolution from 36 Ma.

Reconstructed paleo-elevation in southwestern North America at 36 Ma

Reconstructed paleo-elevation in southwestern North America at 30 Ma

Reconstructed paleo-elevation in southwestern North America at 20 Ma

Reconstructed paleo-elevation in southwestern North America at 10 Ma

Reconstructed paleo-elevation in northeastern Africa at 30 Ma

Reconstructed paleo-elevation in northeastern Africa at 20 Ma

Reconstructed paleo-elevation in northeastern Africa at 10 Ma

Surface elevation in northeast Africa at present-day